Curriculum Vitae

Arcadi V. Usmanov

Addresses

Office address: Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University,

St. Petersburg 198504, Russia

Office phone: +7-812-428-4633

Fax: +7-812-428-7240

E-mail:

Web: http://geo.phys.spbu.ru/~usmanov

Research Topics

Space Physics/Magnetohydrodynamics

Present Position

Leading Scientist at the Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University

Scientific Career

[1964 - 1974] Primary and grammar school, St. Petersburg

[1974 - 1980] Studies in physics and geophysics, St. Petersburg State University; diploma in magnetospheric physics: Generation of Geomagnetic Pulsations by a Localized Source

[1982 - 1984] Ph.D. studies in magnetospheric physics, St. Petersburg State University; Ph.D.: Quantitative Modeling of the Magnetospheric Magnetic Field Based on Spacecraft Data, 1985.

[1980 - present] scientific research work at the Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University

[1980 - 1982] Laboratory Assistant

[1982 - 1984] Postgraduate Student

[1985 - 1986] Junior Scientist

[1986 - 1989] Scientist

[1989 – 2000] Senior Scientist

[2000 – present] Leading Scientist

[1996 - 1999] Doctoral studies in physics of the solar wind, St. Petersburg State University; Sc.D. (Physics & mathematics) thesis: Magnetohydrodynamic Models of the Solar Wind, defended on October 14, 1999.

Teaching 

Lecturer, Physical Faculty, St. Petersburg State University, Physics of Geomagnetic Phenomena, 1987 - present, Numerical Methods of Solving some MHD Problems, 1993 - present. Teacher in computer science, 1981 - 1982, St. Petersburg State University

Studies Abroad

[May'93 - Jun'93, Oct'94, May'95 - Jun'95, Sep'95 - Nov'95, Nov'96 - Dec'96, Nov'97 - Dec'97, Nov'98 - Dec'98, Mar’00 - Apr’00, Jan’01 – Feb’01] Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Graz, Austria. Research topic: magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the solar wind.

[May'94] Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland. Research topic: simulation studies of the solar wind.

[Apr'97 - May'97, Sep'98 - Oct'98, Jun'99 - Jul'99, Nov'99 - Dec'99, Sep'01 - Sep'04, Jun'05 - present] NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA. Research topic: solar wind modeling.

Talks on International Meetings

Usmanov, A. V., and Goldstein, M. L., The deceleration of the solar wind and the intensity of the interplanetary magnetic field in the distant heliosphere, AGU Spring'06 Meeting, Baltimore, MD, May 23-26, 2006.

Usmanov, A. V., and Goldstein, M. L., A technique for modeling the three-dimensional structure of solar corona
and solar wind (Invited), EGU General Assembly 2006, Vienna, Austria, April 2-7, 2006.

Usmanov, A. V., and Goldstein, M. L., A 3D MHD solar wind model with pickup protons, AGU Fall'05 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 5-9, 2005.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Three-dimensional MHD solar wind model with pickup protons (Invited), The Workshop Structrue and transport in solar-wind turbulence, Santa Fe, New Mexico, October 17-21, 2005.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, A 3D solar wind model with pickup protons, The Solar Wind 11 - SOHO 16 Conference "Connecting Sun and Heliosphere", Whistler, BC, Canada, June 12-17, 2005.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, A three-dimensional MHD model of the solar wind with pickup protons, AGU Fall'04 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 13-17, 2004.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Global MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind, 204th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, Denver, CO, USA, May 30-June 3, 2004.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Low density anomalies and sub-Alfvénic events in the solar wind, AGU Spring'04 Meeting, Montreal, Canada, May 17-21, 2004.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, MHD modeling of the solar wind with a north-south asymmetry, AGU Spring'04 Meeting, Montreal, Canada, May 17-21, 2004.

Usmanov, A. V., M. L. Goldstein, K. W. Ogilvie, W. M. Farrell, and G. R. Lawrence, A simulation study of the May 10-11, 1999 low density anomaly, AGU Fall'03 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 8-12, 2003.

Goldstein, M. L., and A. V. Usmanov, Three-dimensional MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind, AGU Fall'03 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 8-12, 2003.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Three-dimensional MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind: comparison with the Wang-Sheeley model, EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly, Nice, France, April 6-11, 2003.

Usmanov, A. V., W. M. Farrell, K. W. Ogilvie, and M. L. Goldstein, The sub-Alfvénic solar wind and low density anomalies, EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly, Nice, France, April 6-11, 2003.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, A global MHD solar wind model with WKB Alfvén waves (Invited), GPP 2nd Annual International Astrophysics Conference: Waves and Turbulence in Interplanetary and Interstellar Space, Palm Springs, CA, USA, February 8-12, 2003.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, A tilted-dipole MHD model of the solar corona and solar wind, AGU Fall'02 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 6-10, 2002.

Usmanov, A. V., M. L. Goldstein, and W. M. Farrell, D. A. Roberts, A view of the inner heliosphere during the May 23-24, 2002 low density anomaly, AGU Fall'02 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 6-10, 2002.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Three-dimensional MHD modeling of the expanding solar wind (Invited), Solar Wind 10 Meeting, Pisa, Italy, June 16-21, 2002.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, North-south structure of the solar corona and solar wind near solar minimum, AGU Fall'01 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 10-14, 2001.

Usmanov, A. V., Three-dimensional MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind, 2nd International Conference Fundamental Problems of Physics (FPP 2000), Saratov, Russia, October 9-14, 2000.

Usmanov, A. V., W. M. Farrell, and M. L. Goldstein, A view of the inner heliosphere during the May 10-11, 1999 low density anomaly, AGU Fall'99 Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, December 13-17, 1999.

Usmanov, A. V., MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind, Nikolsky International Conference on Solar Physics "Structure and Dynamics of the Solar Corona", Troitsk, Moscow Region, Russia, October 4-8, 1999.

Usmanov, A. V., Global 3D MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind (Invited), The 22nd General Assembly of the IUGG, Birmingham, UK, July 18-30, 1999.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Solar wind model: comparison with Ulysses data, CRDF Symposium, Washington, D.C., USA, June 7-8, 1999.

Usmanov, A. V., A global MHD model of the solar Wind: comparison with Ulysses data, Poster 1.64, Solar wind 9 Conference, Nantucket, Massachusetts, USA, October 5-9, 1998.

Usmanov, A. V., An MHD model of the solar wind: comparison with Ulysses data, 2nd International Conference "Problems of Geospace", St.-Petersburg, Russia, June 30 – July 3, 1998.

Usmanov, A. V., B. P. Besser, and J. M. Fritzer, Coronal streamer simulation: Alfvén wave acceleration and extension to 1 AU, Poster ST100, XXII General Assembly of European Geophysical Society, Vienna, Austria, April 21-25, 1997.

Usmanov, A. V., 3-D MHD simulation of the solar wind between 1 solar radius and 1 AU (Invited), The Third SOLTIP Symposium, Beijing, China, October 14-18, 1996.

Usmanov, A. V., J. M. Fritzer, and B. P. Besser, Solar wind structure during solar maximum (1979): Model calculations and comparison with spacecraft data, The Solar Wind - Magnetosphere System 2 International Workshop, Graz, Austria, September 27-29, 1995.

Usmanov, A. V., A global 3-D solar wind model with Alfvén waves, Poster P-1-33, International Solar Wind 8 Conference, Dana Point, California, USA, June 26-30, 1995.

Besser, B. P., H. I. M. Lichtenegger, and A. V. Usmanov, Global solar wind simulations around solar minimum (1985/86), Poster D036, 30th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Hamburg, Germany, July 11-21, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. Dryer, June 1991: Global dynamics as inferred from three-dimensional, time-dependent MHD model, The Second SOLTIP Symposium, Nakaminato, Japan, June 13-17, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., A global three-dimensional, time-dependent MHD model of the solar wind, The Second SOLTIP Symposium, Nakaminato, Japan, June 13-17, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., Global structure of the solar wind in June 1991 as inferred from a 3-D, steady-state MHD model, Paper D1S06, 8th International Symposium on Solar Terrestrial Physics Dedicated to Solar Terrestrial Energy Program (STEP), Sendai, Japan, June 5-10, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., Numerical 3-D time-dependent MHD model of the solar wind, Poster P.011, 28th ESLAB Symposium "The High Latitude Heliosphere", Friedrichshafen, Germany, April 19-21, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., B. P. Besser, M. Delva, H. I. M. Lichtenegger, and K. Schwingenschuh, 3-D magnetohydrodynamic model of the solar wind, Poster 2.85, Assembly of the Austrian Physical Society, Graz, Austria, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., Three-dimensional MHD model of the steady solar wind, Mathematical Models of the Near-Earth Space, Conference in memory of V. P. Shabansky, Moscow State University, Moscow, June 22-24, 1993.

Fairfield, D. H., N. A. Tsyganenko, A. V. Usmanov, and M. V. Malkov, A large magnetosphere magnetic field data base, Paper SM52C-5, 1993 AGU Spring Meeting, Baltimore, Maryland, May 24-28, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., Numerical 3-D MHD simulation of the solar wind, Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Interaction Workshop, Graz, Austria, September 23-25, 1992.

Usmanov, A. V., A global numerical 3-D MHD model of the solar wind, Paper TM45, 1992 STEP Symposium/5th COSPAR Colloquium, Johns Hopkins University/Applied Physics Laboratory, August 24-27, 1992.

Usmanov, A. V., Tracking the large-scale solar magnetic field structures to the Earth orbit and development of a global 2-D MHD model of the solar wind, Paper C454, European Geophysical Society, XVII General Assembly, Edinburgh, Scotland, April 6-10, 1992.

Pudovkin, M. I., and A. V. Usmanov, High speed streams from solar flares and prediction of the solar wind parameters and the geomagnetic activity level, The First SOLTIP Symposium, Liblice, Csechoslovakia, September 30 – October 5, 1991.

Pudovkin, M. I., A. V. Usmanov, and D. I. Ponyavin, Mean solar magnetic field and velocity of the solar wind, Paper 2.32, Solar Wind Seven Conference, Goslar, Germany, September 16-20, 1991.

Pudovkin, M. I., and A. V. Usmanov, Prediction of the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic activity level from the solar magnetic field observations, Solar-terrestrial Predictions Workshop, Australia, October 16-20, 1989.

Pudovkin, M. I., N. A. Tsyganenko, and A. V. Usmanov, Influence of field aligned and magnetopause currents on the structure and localization of polar cusps, Paper 3.26, International Symposium on Polar Geomagnetic Phenomena, Souzdal, USSR, May 25-31, 1986.

Tsyganenko, N. A., and A. V. Usmanov, Effects of field-aligned currents in location and structure of polar cusps, Chapman Conference on Magnetospheric Currents, Virginia, 1983.

Tsyganenko, N. A., and A. V. Usmanov, Investigation of the geomagnetic field structure as deduced from the model calculations and statistical properties of experimental models, Paper G3.18, IAGA XVIII General Assembly, Hamburg, BRD, August 15-27, 1983.

Usmanov, A. V., and N. A. Tsyganenko, Quantitative modeling of the magnetospheric field with an account of the magnetic effects from the partial ring current system, Paper G3.R5, IAGA XVIII General Assembly, Hamburg, BRD, August 15-27, 1983.

Pudovkin, A. I., G. A. Loginov, E. V. Pudovkina, M. I. Pudovkin, and A. V. Usmanov, Transformation of the MHD waves propagating in the ionosphere, Paper 3P-35, IAGA 4th Scientific Assembly, Edinburgh, Scotland, August 3-15, 1981.

Seminars Abroad

The global three-dimensional MHD model of the solar wind, Space Physics Seminar, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, May 18, 1993, Graz, Austria.

3-D MHD model of the solar wind, Finnish Meteorological Institute, May 16, 1994, Helsinki, Finland.

3-D MHD solar wind model with Alfvén waves, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, June 1, 1995, Graz, Austria.

Global MHD Simulation of the Solar Wind with Alfvén Waves, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, April 23, 1997, Greenbelt, MD, USA.

Magnetohydrodynamic models of the solar wind, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, November 28, 1997, Graz, Austria.

Solar wind modeling and comparison with Ulysses data, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, April 14, 2000, Graz, Austria.

The day the solar wind almost disappeared: a view of the inner heliosphere, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, February 15, 2001, Graz, Austria.

Publications

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, A 3D MHD solar wind model with pickup protons, submitted to J. Geophys. Res., 111, A07101, doi:10.1029/2005JA011533, 2006.

Usmanov, A. V., M. L. Goldstein, K. W. Ogilvie, W. M. Farrell, and G. Lawrence, Low-density anomalies and sub-Alfvénic solar wind, J. Geophys. Res., 110(A1), A01106, doi:10.1029/2004JA010699, 2005.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Three-dimensional solar wind model with pickup protons, in Proceedings of the Conference Solar Wind 11 - SOHO 16, B. Fleck and T. H. Zurbuchen, eds., ESA Publication SP-592, p.563-566, 2005.

Goldstein, M. L., D. A. Roberts, and A. V. Usmanov, Numerical simulation of solar wind turbulence, In Multiscale Coupling of Sun-Earth Processes, A. T. Y. Lui et al., eds. pp. 301-320, Elsivier, 2005.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, A tilted-dipole MHD model of the solar corona and solar wind, J. Geophys. Res., 108(A9), 1354, doi:10.1029/2002JA009777, 2003.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. L. Goldstein, Three-dimensional MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind, in Proceedings of the Solar Wind 10 Conference, M. Velli et al., eds., American Institute of Physics, 679, Melville, NY, p.393-398, 2003.

Usmanov, A. V., M. L. Goldstein, and W. M. Farrell, A view of the inner heliosphere during the May 10-11, 1999 low density anomaly, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(23), 3765-3768, 2000.

Usmanov, A. V., M. L. Goldstein, B. P. Besser, and J. M. Fritzer, A global MHD solar wind model with WKB Alfvén waves: Comparison with Ulysses data, J. Geophys. Res., 105(A6), 12,675-12,695, 2000.

Usmanov, A. V., MHD modeling of the solar corona and solar wind, Izvestia RAN (physics), 64(9), 1868-1874, 2000 (in Russian).

Usmanov, A. V., B. P. Besser, J. M. Fritzer, and M. L. Goldstein, Simulation of a coronal streamer: Alfvén wave acceleration, Adv. Space Res., 25(9), (9)1897-(9)1900, 2000.

Usmanov, A. V., Magnetohydrodynamic models of the solar wind, Dr. of Science Thesis, St.-Petersburg State University, 359 p., 1999 (in Russian).

Usmanov, A. V., A MHD model of the solar wind, in “Problems of Geospace 2”, V. S. Semenov, H. K. Biernat, M. V. Kubyshkina, C. J. Farrugia, and S. Mühlbachler, eds., Ősterreichische  Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, p.49-54, 1999.

Usmanov, A. V., A global MHD model of the solar wind: comparison with Ulysses data, in Proceedings of the Solar Wind 9 Conference, S. R. Habbal et al., eds., American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, NY, p.397-400, 1999.

Usmanov, A. V., 3-D MHD simulation of the solar wind between 1 Rs and 1 AU, in Proceedings of the Third SOLTIP Symposium, Feng X. S., Wei F.-S., and M. Dryer, eds., International Academic Publishers, Beijing, China, p.241-247, 1998.

Usmanov, A. V., J. M. Fritzer, and B. P. Besser, Solar wind structure during solar maximum (1979): Model calculations and comparison with spacecraft data, in Proceedings of the International Workshop "The Solar Wind - Magnetosphere System 2", H. K. Biernat, H. P. Ladreiter, S. J. Bauer, and C. J. Farrugia, eds., Ősterreichische  Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, p.327-334, 1997.

Usmanov, A.V., J. M. Fritzer, B. P. Besser, ALF3D software-package for 3-D, steady-state MHD simulation of the solar wind, Institut für Weltraumforschung, Report IWF9501, Graz, Austria, 1995.

Usmanov, A. V., A global 3-D MHD solar wind model with Alfvén waves, in Proceedings of the Solar Wind 8 Conference, American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, NY, p.141-144, 1996.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. Dryer, June 1991: Global dynamics as inferred from three-dimensional, time-dependent MHD model, in Proceedings of the Second SOLTIP Symposium, T. Watanabe, ed., STEP GBRSC News, 5, p.59-62, 1995.

Usmanov, A. V., A global three-dimensional, time-dependent MHD model of the solar wind, in Proceedings of the Second SOLTIP Symposium, T. Watanabe, ed., STEP GBRSC News, 5, p.205-208, 1995.

Usmanov, A. V., Global structure of the solar wind in June 1991 as inferred from a 3-D, steady-state MHD model in Proceedings of Eight International Symposium on Solar Terrestrial Physics, Part-II, submitted, 1995.

Usmanov, A. V., and M. Dryer, A global 3-D simulation of interplanetary dynamics in June 1991, Solar Physics, 159, 347-370, 1995.

Usmanov, A. V., Numerical 3-D time-dependent MHD model of the solar wind, Space Sci. Rev., 72, 121-124, 1995.

Besser, B. P., H. I. M. Lichtenegger, A. V. Usmanov, and J. M. Fritzer, Global solar wind simulations around solar minimum (1985/86), Adv. Space Res., 16, No.9, (9)115-(9)118, 1995.

Fairfield, D. H., N. A. Tsyganenko, A. V. Usmanov, and M. V. Malkov, A large magnetosphere magnetic field data base, A large magnetosphere magnetic field data base, J. Geophys. Res., 99(A6), 11,319-11,326, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., Numerical 3-D MHD simulation of the solar wind, in Proceedings of the International Workshop "The Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Interaction", H. K. Biernat, G. A. Bachmaier, S. J. Bauer, R. P. Rijnbeek, eds., Ősterreichische  Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, p.23-32, 1994.

Usmanov, A. V., The global structure of the solar wind in June 1991, Solar Phys., 148, 371-382, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., A global numerical 3-D MHD model of the solar wind, Solar Phys., 146, 377-396, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., Interplanetary magnetic field structure and solar wind parameters as inferred from solar magnetic field observations and by using a numerical 2-D MHD model, Solar Phys., 143, 345-363, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., MHD-mapping to the Sun of the solar wind structure observed at the Earth's orbit, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 33, No.3, 153-155, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., Variations of the solar wind parameters and geomagnetic activity in 20 and 21 solar cycles, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 33, No.3, 155-157, 1993.

Usmanov, A. V., Numerical 2-D MHD modeling of the solar wind between the Sun and the Earth, in Proceedings of the First SOLTIP Symposium, 2, S. Fisher and M. Vandas, eds., Astronomical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague, p.256-264, 1992.

Usmanov, A. V., On the correlation of solar wind parameters and the level of geomagnetic activity, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 30, No.6, 881-883, 1990.

Pudovkin, M. I., A. Grafe, S. A. Zaitseva, L. Z. Sizova, and A. V. Usmanov, Calculating the $D_{st}$-variation field on the basis of solar wind parameters, Gerland Beitr. Geophysik, Leipzig, 97, No.6, 525-533, 1988.

Tsyganenko, N. A., A. V. Usmanov, V. O. Papitashvili, N. E. Papitashvili, and V. A. Popov, Software for computations of geomagnetic field and related coordinate systems, Soviet Geophysical Committee, Acad. of Sci. USSR, Moscow, 38 p., 1987 (in Russian).

Pudovkin, M. I., S. A. Zaitseva, and A. V. Usmanov, Distribution of field aligned currents in polar cusp region depending on orientation of the IMF, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 26, No.5, 774-779, 1986.

Pudovkin, M. I., N. A. Tsyganenko, and A. V. Usmanov, Influence of field aligned and magnetopause currents on the structure and localization of polar cusps, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 26, No.6, 946-951, 1986.

Ponyavin, D. I., and A. V. Usmanov, Annual variations of correlation between Bx and Bz-component of the IMF in GSEQ-, GSE-, and GSM coordinate systems, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 25, No.1, 128-129, 1985.

Usmanov, A. V., Quantitative modeling of the magnetospheric magnetic field based on spacecraft data, Ph. D. Thesis, Leningrad State University, 235 p., 1984.

Tsyganenko, N. A., and A. V. Usmanov, Effects of the dayside field-aligned currents in location and structure of polar cusps, Planet. Space Sci., 32, 97-104, 1984.

Pudovkin, A. I., C. A. Loginov, E. V. Pudovkina, M. I. Pudovkin, and A. V. Usmanov, Ionospheric propagation of ULF-waves, J. Atm. and Terr. Phys., 46, No.4, 347-353, 1984.

Usmanov, A. V., and N. A. Tsyganenko, An account of magnetic effects of the partial ring current system in quantitative modeling of geomagnetic field, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 24, No.6, 968-972, 1984.

Kovalevsky, I. V., M. K. Fedoseeva, and A. V. Usmanov, Interplanetary-magnetospheric correlations during the geomagnetic storms with |Dst| ~ 200-300 nT, in Geomagnetic Variations and Solar Wind, Moscow, IZMIRAN, p.46-67, 1984 (in Russian).

Tsyganenko, N. A., and A. V. Usmanov, The structure of polar cusps as inferred from magnetic field measurements in the dayside magnetosphere, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, 23, No.3, 465-469, 1983.

Kusnezova, T. V., M. I. Pudovkin, and A. V. Usmanov, Account of the dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field variations in the solar wind during the solar activity cycle when inferring the location of the magnetopause, in Atmospheric electricity and magnetospheric disturbances, Moscow, p.48-60, 1983 (in Russian).

Kovalevsky, I. V., M. K. Fedoseeva, L. V. Evdokimova, and A. V. Usmanov, Correlation of interplanetary electric field with energetic function and structure of AE and Dst indices during geomagnetic storms, in Atmospheric electricity and magnetospheric disturbances, Moscow, p.60-75, 1983 (in Russian).

Kovalevsky, I. V., M. K. Fedoseeva, and A. V. Usmanov, Interplanetary electric field during the strong geomagnetic storm, in Studies in Space Geophysics, Moscow, p.210-219, 1982 (in Russian).

Tsyganenko, N. A., and A. V. Usmanov, Determination of the magnetospheric current systems parameters and development of experimental geomagnetic field models based on data from IMP and HEOS satellites, Planet. Space Sci., 30, 985-998, 1982.

Last updated: August 16, 2005